The Life And Times Of Jesus Of Nazareth - 1773 Words

Two thousand years ago, the birth of Jesus, arguably the most influential man the world has ever seen, altered history forever. Christians know him as the Messiah, the son of God who came to save all of mankind, and for others, he may just be a great teacher and person of history. It is the latter that Reza Aslan attempts to shed an unbiased light on by comparing the Jesus that modern Christians believe in to the Jesus that Aslan believes would have fit into first-century Palestine: a violet revolutionary, dedicated to the eradication of the Roman government in Israel and the deposition of the rich priestly class. Aslan paints a portrayal of Jesus using knowledge of the time period, Scripture that has been taken out of context and misinterpreted, and most of all, the author’s imagination and powerful rhetoric to cover up his faulty argumentation. In his book Zealot: The Life and Times of Jesus of Nazareth, Reza Aslan recreates an interesting but purely speculative image of the historical Jesus through exploring the political and social history of first-century Palestine, the life and teachings of Jesus, and the development of early Christianity. The first part of the book focuses on providing the reader with an overview of Palestine under Roman rule, a land filled with turmoil and false messianic figures. Aslan gives specific examples of failed self-proclaimed messiahs, such as Judas the Galilean and â€Å"the Samaritan†, who attempted to overthrow Roman rule but eventually wereShow MoreRelatedJesus Of Nazareth : Movie Analysis Essay1691 Words   |  7 PagesJesus of Nazareth-The Movie Jesus of Nazareth was a beautiful movie recapping the life of Jesus Christ. This film had no bareness, no vulgarity, and no sex scenes. It was ideal for both the young and the older audiences. I do not recall anything that may have gone against the word of God. Jesus of Nazareth embellished the birth, life, ministry, death and resurrection of Jesus Christ. It remained true to the four New Testament Gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke and John. Despite the fact, there haveRead MoreComparing Jesus Of Nazareth, A Beautiful Movie Recapping The Life Of Jesus Christ Essay1672 Words   |  7 PagesJesus of Nazareth was a beautiful movie recapping the life of Jesus Christ. This film had no bareness, no vulgarity, and no sex scenes. It was ideal for both the young and the older audiences. I do not recall anything that may have gone against the word of God. Jesus of Nazareth embellished the birth, life, ministry, death and resurrection of Jesus Christ. It remained true to the four New Testament Gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke and John. Despite the fact, there have been many movies, actors, accountsRead MoreLeadership : A Great Leader1551 Words   |  7 Pagesto mind, Jesus Christ of Nazareth. Jesus of Nazareth was an extremely important figure in the Christian religion, he is believed to be God himself in human form. He is also considered to be one of the greatest leaders in history even after his death. Jesus Christ was a great leader because of ability to speak to people, his ability to unite people in the darkest of times, and a great teacher as well as leader so that he could leave an incomparable legacy far beyond his death. â€Å"Then Jesus came andRead MoreThe, Death And Resurrection Of Jesus Essay1209 Words   |  5 Pagesmother when Jesus of Nazareth movie first broadcasted. My mom insisted that we watch this movie with her. It was a mini-series who was directed by Franco Zeffirelli. The main cast of this series was led by a British actor, Robert Powell, who portrayed the role of Jesus. Due to the fact, that I was only a child at the time, I didn’t really understand what this movie was all about. Approximately, six years ago, it aired again on the History Channel and I watched it. Jesus of Nazareth embellishedRead MoreAnalysis Of Elaine Pagelss Beyond Belief : The Gospel Of Thomas719 Words   |  3 Pagesdescribed as a man who would not believe until he saw it with his own two eyes. He ceaselessly questioned and was misanthropic about Jesus while the other eleven disciples believed from the beginning. Thomas’s book was full of Jesus’s sayings whereas the other four books contains Jesus’s sayings as well, but in a story format that starts from the beginning of when Jesus was born to the day he resurrects from the dead. Thomas wrote down Jesus’s 114 sayings when he was his disciple. Elaine Pagels’s BeyondRead MoreExploring Deeper Into The Life Of Pontius Pilate736 Words   |  3 PagesSCHOLARLY VERDICTS OF PILATE LESSONS FOR LIFE DEATH OF PONTIUS PILATE CONCLUSION BIBLIOGRAPHY This paper will explore deeper into the life of Pontius Pilate and examine his weaknesses, strengths, and accomplishments. INTRODUCTION OF PONTIUS PILATE Pontius Pilate served as the prefect of Judaea from 26 to 36 A.D. his exact birth is not known, neither is it known what he looked like. However, his reign correspond with the time that John the Baptist and Jesus were active. POINTIUS PILATES CULTRead MoreJesus: The Tragic Hero Essay830 Words   |  4 Pagesreligion, many are familiar with at the story of Jesus Christ of Nazareth. Though they may not actually belong to the religion, many also celebrate the holidays of Christmas and Easter, both of which are extremely important days in the Christian religion. These two have been used for marketing seasonal goods to the United States in particular. Christmas is the time of extravagant spending for the gifts of children and loved ones, while Easter is a time of chocolate egg hunts, marshmallow peeps, andRead MoreMuhammad and Jesus1256 Words   |  6 Pagesand Jesus Paper. Submit a 1250 to 1500-word paper in which you compare and contrast the lives of Muhammad and Jesus in relation to each perspective religion Complete the following steps in your paper: Trace the lives of Muhammad and Jesus historically Compare what impact the death of each had on their perspective religion Describe the way each individual was or is worshipped Explain how their messages are being carried out in the world today Introduction Muhammad and Jesus of NazarethRead MoreA Very Brief Look at Christianity1084 Words   |  4 Pagesas a new movement within Judaism after the birth of Jesus of Nazareth 2000 years ago in Nazareth, Palestine. This religion has developed in its first three centuries within the Roman Empire thanks to a group of his followers that witnessed his death (University, 2009). Although Jesus did not leave any writings, he represents the source of all Christian doctrines. After his death, a group of his followers succeeded in transmit his teachings and life to the whole Mediterranean region. Therefore, a detailedRead More The Structure within the Battle of Windhover Essay1348 Words   |  6 PagesThe Structure within the Battle of Windhover  Ã‚   The images throughout the Windhover recognize the battle Jesus Christ fought while He walked the earth. The battle involved Jesus fighting for humankind’s eternal salvation and the establishment of the kingdom of God on earth. Gerard Manley Hopkins, author of the poem, reinforces this imagery of the battle along with undercutting the imagery to add more confusion and mystery to this already complex poem. Through stressed words at the beginning

Palliative Care for Children Essay - 1307 Words

Palliative Care for Children: Enhancing the Quality of Life for a Child with a Life-Threatening Illness Melissa Spitler English Composition 2 Instructor Barckholtz May 17, 2010 Palliative Care for Children: Enhancing the Quality of Life for a Child with a Life-Threatening Illness â€Å"Each year in the USA about 500,000 children are coping with life-threatening illnesses† (Huang et al., 2010). The standard of care for children living with life-threatening conditions is vital for these children as well as their families. Palliative care, which is treatment aimed at reducing pain and other symptoms, rather than treatment aimed at a cure, is extremely important early on. An improvement with earlier access to palliative care involves†¦show more content†¦Communication is an effective key in pediatric palliative care. The topic of a dying child is a very sensitive matter. Many times communication about managing the child’s pain and the necessary measurements needed to ease progressive pain are not discussed thoroughly among health care providers, parents, and even the child. The result is that parents and the sick child do not have the opp ortunity to express their concerns and feelings. This leads to unnecessary psychological and social distress for the child and the child’s family. â€Å"Improved communication is noted as one of the most important factors in enhancing end-of-life care in a pediatric setting† (Hsiao et al., 2007). These factors are beneficial to maintaining the best care for the child. The relationship between hospital staff, the child, and the child’s family is crucial. â€Å"Parents have emphasized the importance of receiving honest and complete information from staff, having ready access to staff, and having continuous, caring relationships with compassionate staff â€Å"(Hsiao et al., 2007). Along with the parents’ communication with staff, parents feel it is important to have the child communicate directly with the physician when appropriate. They feel â€Å"gaining the child’s perspective is critical if there is to be a cohesive relationship among the child , parent, and health care provider† (Hsiao et al., 2007). Also, children who are able and comfortable enough to communicate with physicians benefitShow MoreRelatedPediatric Nursing And Palliative Care1649 Words   |  7 PagesThe words pediatric and palliative care when put together are rather difficult to stomach. The image of a sprouting new life when juxtaposed with concerns for end-of-life care is almost ironically antithetical. It is easy to see why pediatric palliative care is an emerging subspecialty with much left to fully develop. Although highly uncomfortable for most to talk about, pediatric palliative care is a real and intricate necessity for many families with children facing a life-threatening illnessRead MoreNurses And Patient Family Communication1653 Words   |  7 PagesHilden, Boldt, Weissman, 2004). This applies especially for children with cancer, communication between physicians and the family is crucial because it is ultimately the choice of the pa rents who decide how to proceed with the illness. Parents are more likely to have preferences, depending on their culture, upbringing and community on how the physician will treat their child. A study conducted by Wolfe et al. (2000) found that children who died of cancer between 1990-1997 experienced substantialRead MoreHospice Care : An Effective Patient And Individual Preferences At The End Of Life1185 Words   |  5 Pages Hospice services are paid by most insurance companies as well as Medicare and Medicaid. Patients and families deserve to have the best care possible even at the end of life. Senthilkumar, Ganesan, and Kavitha (2010), describe hospice care is directed to quality of life when a person is anticipated to have less than six months to live. A devoted hospice unit will provide an atmosphere that will help support meaningful time with patients and their families. Specialized trained staff can deliverRead MoreOverview Of Palliative Care Services1588 Words   |  7 PagesOF PALLIATIVE CARE SERVICES IN CANADA 1 Overview of Palliative Care Services in Canada Jamie Organ Student Number: 0567596 Professor: Ms. J. Bertoni Lakehead University GERO 2010: Introduction to Palliative Care October 23rd 2015 OVERVIEW OF PALLIATIVE CARE SERVICES IN CANADA 2 Overview of Palliative CareRead MorePalliative Care : An Approach That Improves The Quality Of Life Of Patients And Their Families1446 Words   |  6 Pagesunfulfilled wishes, and to support their loved ones towards end of their lives. â€Å"Palliative care is an approach that improves the quality of life of patients and their families facing the problems associated with life-threatening illness† (World Health Organization, 2014). Palliative care focuses on a person as a whole; dealing with not only the body, but also mind, heart, soul, and spirit (Adult Care, 2005). Palliative care begins when the progressive non-curable disease has been diagnosed. It helpsRead MoreGrace Hospice Of Texas Provides Quality Professional Care798 Words   |  4 PagesHospice mission statement is Grace Hospice of Texas provides quality professional care and compassionate support for terminally ill patients and their families with his grace. (Introduction to Hospice Care 2) (National Hospice and P alliative Care Organization, 2015) Grace Hospice basic service provide end of life care and understanding of death as a natural process of life, and Grace Hospice offer palliative and comfort care; meanwhile Grace Hospice assist the family in caring for their loved one at homeRead MoreExploring People’s Awareness of Palliative Care Essay1307 Words   |  6 Pageswould benefit from Palliative Care. With increased patterns of chronic disease and aging population this gives Palliative care the need to become a Public Health Issue. On the discussion of Palliative care The World Health Organisation states that â€Å"Many countries have not yet considered palliative care as a public health problem and, therefore, do not include it in their health agenda ... it is essential to promote a public health approach in which comprehensive palliative care programs are integratedRead MorePalliative Care : Its Role1503 Words   |  7 PagesPalliative Care: Its Role Importance in Our Lives It’s a fact of life that all people will experience death. A difficult subject for many, yet it’s crucial in modern society that we learn of the available resources for those facing the unavoidable ultimatum. Few things in life are as indisputably dreaded as the cessation of life. The manner in which one ceases to exist unfortunately cannot be predicted for every individual. Yet the quality of life leading up to the moment of self-expiration isRead MoreHealth Care Models Across the Globe Essay1162 Words   |  5 Pagesnecessary to intervene in the provision of health care to its people. The authors also believe that at a fundamental level, health policy making is a political process that involves both governmental and nongovernmental, individuals and organizations, and inevitably leads to cost-quality â€Å"tradeoffs.† Irrespective of the type of health care system offered, all nations have experienced problems controlling cost and quality, ensuring effective access to care, and measuring health outcomes. Developed nationsRead MoreWho Died Of Cancer Between 1990-1997 Experienced Substantial1203 Words   |  5 Pagesparental communication was deficient. Wolfe suggests that there is a need for extensive improvement in EOLC for children with cancer (2000). It is expected that children with cancer should receive high-quality palliative care at the end of life. But a study found that, it is not known whether EOLC of children with cancer meets this standard of care. In a Boston study, it was found that children experienced substantial suffering towards the EOL, and treatment was seldom successful. The study also found

Is advertising ethical Essay Example For Students

Is advertising ethical Essay Advertisers main purpose is to make consumers aware of new products and services and to persuade them to buy. Granted advertising does differ from the news and entertainment media, but that doesnt mean it should not have to follow similar ethical standards. Advertising, too, should be held to the truth, as many people take it at face value and gullibly believe all or most of what is said. Although it is true that we should learn how to interpret advertisings, it is not our responsibility to interpret an advertisements honesty and accuracy. The definition of truth in this case should be the leaving out of any false statements used in an effort to deceive, and all relevant information, the good and the bad, must be included in the statement. I would like to discuss a few of the more abundant methods advertisers employ in order to deceive potential consumers and emphasize the features of their products. 1. Some advertisements all capitalize on half-truths and trickery. The people cheated are often too embarrassed to admit their gullibility and seek redress, or decide that the amount lost is not worth the cost of pursuing the advertisers. This allows the advertisers to continue their scam and trick even more people with their dishonesty. People have to try to figure out if advertising is legitimate and plausible. For example, shopping via Internet, consumers usually disappointment and being cheated when they receive the goods by Mail. 2. One of them is the appeal to an authority. This is clearly seen when companies use celebrities to sell their products, such as Michael Jordan selling phone services. The underlying message here is that people who use this service or buy this product will be living the high life of a celebrity, but usually these famous people do not use the same product themselves. 3. Another big deception is the use of fine print. Advertisers often tout wonderful coverage of their products in bright, bold words and pictures, but they take it away in the fine print. This is where they put all the information about how the product may harm you or the stipulations that go along with their services, but it all too often goes unread and may cause serious harm to the consumer in certain cases such as with over-the-counter medications. 4. Probably the biggest deception is the suppression of certain information. Companies will emphasize the positive aspects of their products while downplaying the negatives. This is easily shown in a majority of commercials and advertisements when companies employ half-truths and vaguery. An example of suppressed information is the common labeling of foods as fat-free. Sure, they may be fat free, but they could very well be high in cholesterol, which the advertisement does not say. When cholesterol is digested, if the body does not burn it off, it is turned into fat. It is important for companies to include the bad aspects of their products as well as the good so consumers can judge for themselves if they want to buy such products. This is especially so for companies offering medicines. They should have to clearly explain all of the possible bad side-affects of their product in order to protect their consumers from illness or death. Smoking advertising effects childrenEveryday 3,000 children start smoking, most them between the ages of 10 and 18. These kids account for 90 percent of all new smokers. In fact, 90 percent of all adult smokers said that they first lit up as teenagers (Roberts). These statistics clearly show that young people are the prime target in the tobacco wars. The cigarette manufacturers may deny it, but advertising and promotion play a vital part in making these facts a reality (Roberts). The Priceless Adventure EssayDr. Lonnie Bristow, AMA (American Medical Association) spokesman, remarks that to kids, cute cartoon characters mean that the product is harmless, but cigarettes are not harmless. They have to know that their ads are influencing the youth under 18 to begin smoking(Breo). U.S. News recently featured a discussion of the smoking issue with 20 teenagers from suburban Baltimore. The group consisted of ten boys and ten girls between the ages of 15 and 17. When asked why they started smoking, they gave two contradictory reasons: They wanted to be a part of a peer group. They also wanted to reach out and rebel at the same time. When you party, 75 to 90 percent of the kids are smoking. It makes you feel like you belong, says Devon Harris, a senior at Woodlawn High. Teens also think of smoking as a sign of independence. The more authority figures tell them not to smoke, the more likely they are to pick up the habit (Roberts). The surprising thing is that these kids know that they are being influenced by cigarette advertising. This type of advertising, on top of peer pressure, is the mystery behind the rise in adolescent smoking. Researchers at Harvard University and the Boston University School of Public Health have found that cigarette companies whose brands are popular with smokers ages 10 to 15 are more likely to place advertisements in magazines with a high number of young readers. Researchers looked at 36 magazines, 15 of which were youth magazines, that were published from 1986 to 1994 and found that while brands popular with youths made up 43 percent of the cigarette ads in adult magazines, they made up 67 percent of the cigarette ads in youth magazines. ConclusionIn conclusion, I believe that advertisers and the media they appear in should judge first whether a product is suitable to be presented to the public, and if the message accompanying it is misleading or misinforming potential consumers. If it is, then the advertising should be either rejected or altered to present the truth. The truth should be the leaving out of any false statements used in an effort to deceive, and all relevant information , the good and the bad, must be included. If we are not given all of the relevant information, or we are given false information, then we can not make a rational decision on that product. False messages are wrong because they ignore normal ethical considerations of truth-telling; it contributes to misinterpretation, to providing false images, to exaggerated expectations and to often getting something that does not live up to its promises. P.S. The purpose of the First Amendment is to allow Americans the freedom to express how they feel; therefore, advertising is simply a practice of this right. Brocks panel faced the challenge of resolving the ethical conflict between Wal-Marts grammatical argument and the sense that consumers were being deceived by the slogans clever wording. Personally, she was surprised that neither Wal-Mart nor the competitors had completed any research to determine the level of consumer confusion. One day in class she conducted an informal survey. She asked her students, What do you interpret the phrase Always The Low Price, Always to mean? Nine students of 10 affirmed the competitors complaint that the slogan meant the lowest price. BibliographyTimesSocial Issues Essays

The International Federation of Football Association

Introduction The world has undergone various transformations that have made it easier for people from various regions of the world to meet and share many aspects of their cultures. Modernization has forced almost all countries in the world to share common beliefs and practices that identify them as one block.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The International Federation of Football Association specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The use of modern technology in communication and other aspects of human life have made it mandatory for people from different countries to adopt similar practices to enhance their interactions and boost relations among nations of the world. This has led to the formation of international bodies that oversee interactions in various fields are carried out with minimal barriers. These bodies have been set up to ensure all member countries enjoy same benefits without oppressing others on grounds of their levels of development. One of these organizations is the International Federation of Football Association commonly known as FIFA. This research paper explores the structures, membership, functions and benefits of this association to member countries and individuals. FIFA is an international association that governs all the sporting activities that involve football and soccer played on the beach by men and women. Many countries in the world are members of this association. It is estimated that two hundred and eight nations are registered members. The headquarters of this association is found in Switzerland and is headed by Sepp Blatter (Elvis 2010) who is considered the president of this association. This association is responsible for coordinating and organizing various tournaments including the World Cup and continental tournaments which are events known world wide and command majority of the population as fans. It is believed to have begun in the twentieth centur y when there was great need to have one institution to handle and coordinate football matches that were gaining popularity all over the world. Therefore, in 1904 this association was formed by four countries including France, Denmark, Belgium and the Netherlands with its structure run and managed by the FIFA congress which is in charge of forming rules and regulations governing world football and the operations of FIFA. These members have their meetings annually but they may also have some emergency sessions when need arises (Tumlin 2006). It has a wide international organizational structure that consists of other sections that are supervised by the supreme organ. In addition, FIFA has six components that oversee the progress of football activities in all continents and act as a link between FIFA and other nations of the world.Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Therefore , FIFA has a total of three hundred and thirty seven active football teams of which one hundred and twenty nine are women’s teams while two hundred and eight are men’s teams from various regions of the world. FIFA plays a major role in promoting football in all parts of the world through awarding nationals and individuals with various prestigious gifts and recognitions. Through these awards nationals as well as individuals are motivated to do their best as far as playing football is concerned. It also plays a vital role in ensuring that national teams are managed properly and that governments do not interfere with the running of its grass root organs and also suspends teams in cases where these organizations failed to do their work. FIFA plays an important role in ensuring that referees, players and coaches exercise the highest levels of discipline. FIFA being a world association means that it requires huge amount of money to run its activities effectively throughout t he world. Therefore, it seeks assistance from multinational companies in order to boost its financial position for effective running of internal and external operations. Many companies have offered to partner with FIFA in the process of providing essential football services to office holders, referees, coaches, players and football fans. They include; Coca-Cola Company that deals with soft drinks, the Adidas Company that specializes in sports wear, the Emirates Company that deals with air transport, Hyundai-Kia Motors that deals with the manufacture of automobiles, the Sony Company that deals with electronics and the Visa Company that deals with funds transfer services. These companies provide essential services like sponsoring teams to international and local matches, construction of stadiums and sponsoring players to other teams. FIFA provides its members with immense benefits ranging from the advantages a country gets by being a member of FIFA to individual benefits gained by pla yers. Nations affiliated to FIFA have good football teams since the association oversees their management and running of their programs. It ensures that national teams are accorded all the necessary material and financial support in order to meet the international standards outlined by FIFA. The existence of stiff penalties to member states that do not follow the stipulated laws acts as guidelines as to how football activities should be conducted.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The International Federation of Football Association specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It also plays an important role of ensuring that all football players get the benefits they are entitled to and at the same time uphold the highest standards of morality (Menary 2007). FIFA plays an important role in ensuring that the standards of football are improved world wide. It is a unique association due to the fact that it operates on t he principle of hard work and transparency. It is an international association that strives to bring equality among states by offering equal opportunities for them to showcase their talents through competitive fixtures. It is a non political association whose main aim is to improve the standards of football in all regions of the world without overemphasizing on profit making. Even though it offers avenues for countries to compete these competitions are vital in promoting regional and international relations among people from different backgrounds. FIFA contributes immensely to the development of economies in almost all regions of the world. The most common way of promoting economies is through organizing matches where millions of fans pay to watch live matches played in stadiums or through millions of televisions in their homes and movie theatres. All these fans have to pay for tickets that permit them to enter the stadiums or cinema halls to watch football matches. Hundreds of thou sands of people earn their living through direct or indirect contact with football. Football players are among the best paid in the world making football a highly ranked profession. Millions of traders deal with sports items like boots, kits and balls from different manufactures and this helps in reducing the problem of unemployment. In addition, many countries of the world where major football events are held benefit greatly through construction and renovation of infrastructure to be used when competitions are about to start. South Africa is one of the countries that benefited from the 2010 World Cup competitions that were held in a number of its cities. It is estimated that she got a 30% infrastructure boost from the many stadiums and roads that were constructed and renovated prior to the commencement of the competition. Therefore, it plays a great role in developing Saudi Arabia due to the possibilities of offering jobs to thousands of people who trade in sports gears. It also pr omotes cultural exchange between citizens of Saudi Arabia and those from other regions of the world. This means that there will be open spaces for foreign investors in the near future as there will be high prospects of international tournaments being held there. In addition, Saudi Arabia is developing its road, air and railway transport system that is aimed at providing reliable transport services to its citizens and foreigners.Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The main programs offered by FIFA include training current and upcoming players as well as coaches and referees in order to improve football standards in Saudi Arabia. Attraction of World Cup to Saudi Arabia takes two approaches that are necessary in shaping the world’s perception regarding this country. The first approach is through peace promotion that will aim at portraying citizens as friendly and social to strangers unlike the past that has been tainted with perceptions of war and unending conflicts. The second approach is promoting football popularity through boosting the performance of the national team to be recognized among the best performing teams in the world. The government should also be encouraged to invest in football in order to boost the morale of football players, coaches and fans. FIFA can play an important role in promoting any upcoming business through advertising it during matches that are aired in millions of televisions world wide. It can also promote a business through advertising it in billboards and posters located in major highways and in stadiums that host major sporting events. The major strengths that are accredited to FIFA include their ability to influence governments to promote local football teams and this encourages career developments (Mason and Pierre 2005). It controls the running of its affiliated organs and encourages transparency in affairs that involve players, coaches and countries (FIFA 2007). Discipline among football coaches and players have improved due to the presence of stiff penalties for those who break football rules. However, cases of corruption abound in the management of the association and this discredits its value. In addition, election malpractices have been reported in many instances and this threatens fairness in the running of their programs. The association has failed to control internal wrangles in many of its affiliate associations therefore making football teams from these countries perf orm below their abilities. This association has also failed to create a balance between all teams of the world resulting to great rifts between well paying teams and poorly organized teams. Lastly, the association has been linked with application of double standards as far as sanctions and other disciplinary measures are concerned making some members to feel neglected and discriminated against. Conclusion FIFA is an association that has brought justice and sanity to football in almost all regions of the world. It enhances interactions among individuals and states that in turn promotes peace in the world. Even though this association is facing challenges that threaten its effectiveness it is still ranked among the best international associations. References Elvis, M. (2010). 2010 Fifa World Cup South Africa Official Book. New York: Carlton Books. FIFA. (2007). Official Rules of Soccer. New York: Triumph Books. Mason, T, and Lanfanchi Pierre. (2005). 100 Years of Football: The Fifa Ce ntennial Book. New York: WN Publishers. Menary, S. (2007). Outcasts: The Lands that FIFA Forgot. Kansas: Pitch Publishing. Tumlin, R. (2006). FIFA Levies and the Collection of Judgments in Georgia. New York: AuthorHouse. This research paper on The International Federation of Football Association was written and submitted by user Ayanna Parker to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Character Analysis Their Eyes Were Watching God Essays

Character Analysis Their Eyes Were Watching God Essays Character Analysis Their Eyes Were Watching God Essay Character Analysis Their Eyes Were Watching God Essay Essay Topic: Their Eyes Were Watching God When reading Their Eyes Were Watching God while Tea Cake was married to Janie he always helped her reach her goals. After Janie’s ex-husband (Joe Starks) died she basically felt liberated because while she was married to him, she did not have a voice at all. After he died she was on the verge of being independent before Tea Cake came and swept her off her feet. Tea Cake made Janie better as a person, and she had some self-esteem issues on how she viewed her life. Janie was older than Tea Cake, so the people of Eatonville thought that she was dumb to marry a younger man. While Janie was married to Logan, she was treated like a work horse. She did most of the field work while Logan did what he did. Mah husband is gone tuh buy a mule fuhme tuhplow. He left me cuttin’up seed p’taters.’’(Hurston 29). Based on the movie she was never really physically attracted to him because of the waylied in bed together. â€Å"Janie recognizes that, along with being sexually desired, a woman should be treated with respect and dignity.†(Dilbeck 102)â€Å"He look like some ole skullheadde grave yard† (Hurston 13).Logan did not treat Janie with the respect she deserved. â€Å"He does come into Janie’s life after two failed marriages-the first to Logan, who wanted to use Janie as if she were just another mule on his farm, and the next to Jody, who put her on so high a pedestal that she could not interact with her own community’’(Ashmawi 204).So consequently, she left him and married Joe Starks who was a man t hat took care of himself. â€Å"If you don’t want him, you sho oughta† (Hurston 23). On the other hand, when she got married to Joe Starks, she did not have a voice at all. She somewhat was a trophy wife who was to be seen but not to be heard. â€Å"He could have save his breath and Janie could have kept right on with what she was doing† (Hurston 40). For example, in the movie there was a piano in the store, and Janie had started playi

Chinese Flowers and Their Meanings

Chinese Flowers and Their Meanings Chinese flowers are a recurring theme in Chinese art and poetry. But without understanding the floriography -   the meanings associated with certain flowers  - the symbolism could go over your head. While some flowers represent seasons or months, others have symbolic meanings based on their Chinese names. Learn the importance of flowers in Chinese culture along with symbolism and taboos associated with some Chinese flowers. Iris On lunar May 5,  Irises  are hung over doors to repel evil spirits. The flower is also a symbol of spring, and eating them is said to prolong ones life. Magnolia Magnolias were once so precious, that only Chinese emperors were allowed to own them. They have also been used in Chinese medicine. Today, magnolias represent beauty. Peony Peonies are the flower of spring, also known as the queen of flowers. The flowers symbolize fame and wealth. Red peonies are the most desired and valuable, while white peonies symbolize young, witty, beautiful girls. Lotus The lotus is a flower that is steeped in Buddhist symbolism and is considered one of the eight precious things in the Buddhist faith. It symbolizes purity and coming out of mire unsullied.  The lotus is said to bloom in Beijing on lunar April 8, which is the Buddha’s birthday, and on lunar January 8, which is lotus day. The lotus is known as the gentlemans flower because it grows out from the mud, pure and unstained. It is taboo for a woman to sew in January, as she may have menstrual trouble, according to Chinese culture. Chrysanthemum Chrysanthemums  are one of the most  common flowers in China and are symbolic of autumn and of the ninth lunar month. The Chinese word for chrysanthemum is similar to  jÃ… «, which means to remain and jiǔ  which means long time. Therefore, chrysanthemums  symbolize duration and long life. Hibiscus The  hibiscus  is a popular Chinese flower that symbolizes fame, riches, glory, and splendor. The flower also can symbolize the fleeting beauty of fame or personal glory and is given as a gift to both women and men. Lily In Chinese culture, lilies are supposed to bring sons to a family; as a result, they are often given to women on their wedding day or on birthdays. The Chinese word for lily sounds like  bÇŽi hà ©, which is part of the proverb bÇŽinin hÇŽo hà ©, which means happy union for one hundred years. The flower is considered a good gift for all occasions and are said to help people forget their troubles. Orchid The orchid symbolizes love and beauty and can be a symbol of a married couple. The flower also represents wealth and fortune, and when placed in a vase, orchids symbolize unity. Other Flower Symbolism In addition to flowers and plants having their own symbolism, the color of a flower can also give it a special meaning in Chinese culture. For example, pink and red are colors of celebration, good luck, and happiness, while white is the color of death and ghosts. Sources Hibiscus Flower Meaning | Flower Meaning. (n.d.).  flowermeaning.com/hibiscus-flower-meaning/.

Policy papr Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Policy papr - Essay Example At the end of it all, one can die very quickly as a result of the diseases. Therefore, a policy to govern the levels of consumption of the junk foods has to be applied in order to ensure that people feed on nutritious foods. One of the effective policies that are effective is that junk foods must be taxed to reduce their consumption. Taxation will make the foods expensive than the nutritious foods. As such, people definitely opt to purchasing nutritious foods, which even if consumed in small quantities, lead to satisfaction. Agreeably, junk foods are cheap to acquire and readily available to the consumers (Matz, 2004). This makes it easy for the low-income earners to acquire them because they cannot afford purchasing nutritious foods. By having the prices of junk foods very high through taxation, positively, obesity will be addressed and decrease at a high percentage of about 15 percent. However, not only should the food be taxed, but also be highly taxed to ensure that the prices rise. However, this will hinder the low earners from purchasing it but for those who can afford, they will continue consuming it. Taxation of junk food will trigger so many factors that will lead to low consumption of calories. When the prices are high, agri-business will be encouraged and there will come up new types of snacks, which contain low levels of calorie. As a result of these new snacks, fattening will reduce at a very high considerable rate. This will prevent the consumers from the bad eating habits of consuming lots of calories and sugar. Through taxation, people will be in a position to consume foods that are affordable and contain low amounts of sugar and fats. Since foods that are less starchy will be affordable to all people including those with low capabilities, their consumption will be high and reasonable because they are healthy (Matz,

Group Behavior Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Group Behavior - Essay Example Successful management of the conflict makes the team stronger. Knowing the origin of a conflict helps a leader determine whether it is functional or dysfunctional. Functional conflicts are productive while the dysfunctional conflicts are disruptive. Common sources of conflict in the team are the limitation of resources and the values, attitudes, goals, roles, personalities, interdependency and interaction of the team members. Allan C. Amazon has identified two types of conflict, namely the cognitive conflict and the affective conflict. Amazon’s research suggests that both types of conflicts are necessarily present in any kind of group, with the cognitive conflict being productive and the affective conflict being disruptive. Cognitive conflicts lead to the personal growth of the team members, identification of a workable solution, increased integration and cohesiveness of the team members whereas the affective conflicts lead to unresolved problems, waste of energy, decline in t he team’s morale and team division. Training of the team members in such core competencies as knowledge of conflict resolution methods, entrustment and cooperation are fundamental to the success of a team. The Monmouth University proposes a five-stage conflict management strategy. The five stages are awareness of the conflict resolution, training of conflict resolution, mediation, reinforcement workshops and program institutionalization. Conflict resolution requires a leader to remain impartial and promote mutual understanding among the team members. To help prevent the conflict from occurring, the leader should establish ground rules at the outset, develop team agreement on the way to resolve conflict, train the team members on communication skills, and focus on the team’s objectives. There are numerous reactive strategies that a leader may adopt to resolve the conflict. The leader can either adopt an authoritative style, a splitting

Serving in Florida Essay Example for Free

Serving in Florida Essay She admires her, educated tongue, her graceful walk, her ability to swoon a listener when she reads, her success, her communication skills where she skillfully varies the way to she talks to depending on who she is talking to. 3. She is ashamed because she fails to use the proper verb and verbiage which in her eyes is disrespectful. When they talk with each other it is if they were paternal sisters separated only by education. 4. Their first meeting was not only at Mrs. Flowers house but that this meeting was filled with aromas of freshly cooked food (tea cookies), the cold taste of lemonade on the palate and an atmosphere laden and rich in success. â€Å"It was the equivalent of attending church â€Å" and attending church made her feel comfortable and so did Mrs. Flowers. This all influenced her because she learned that the person she liked, â€Å" liked â€Å" also liked her and this impressed her, and that coupled with all of the physical senses she now felt the emotional ones as well. And this would develop her into her mentors â€Å"way† of life. Answer to questions 1-4 in the Close Reading and #2 in the Writers Craft. 1. Para. 4 The aftermath of an historical hurricane†¦. †the smell of a dead city†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦para. 6 †this new urban landscape†. 2. Urban floodplain depicts the initial encounter to what the author sees and of which is just the surface of what to come in the latter part of the essay and segways into the â€Å" Life after Katrina â€Å". 3. In â€Å" Starting Again â€Å" he depicts how the most basic necessities are being established and provided to re-ignite and revive the once normal daily activities by way of the Salvation Army bringing primordial needs to the workers who will then bring back residents which then bring back the businesses and so on. He includes this because he notes that after destruction comes the re-building†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Still, destruction on a biblical scale also offers Noah-like opportunities for restoration after the flood â€Å". 4. I would define it as a person who possesses this â€Å" eco-geek† title as someone who is ecologically friendly, and an environmentalist who is also a tech-savvy academic in the intellect society of foremost thinkers. Writer’s Craft. #2. â€Å" I get out of my car, half suspecting the sweet, rotting smell of death† , â€Å" the main sewage plant†, â€Å"reeking of mold and rotted cat food†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. He brings clarity and vividness which brings sympathy and association to the five senses to which the reader can identify with.

Religion, Myth, and Magic in Robertson Davies’s Fifth Business Essay

Religion, Myth, and Magic in Robertson Davies’s Fifth Business Interwoven with light and shadows, Robertson Davies’s Fifth Business is penetrated with fantastical elements that rub uneasily against feelings of guilt. A snowball thrown by young "Boy" Staunton misses Dunstan and hits Mary Dempster, causing the premature birth of Paul and the insanity of Mary. Guilt ensues and threatens to envelop Dunstable, Dunny, and Dunstan. One is his name by birth; the other a pet name; and the third, his true name upon being born again. With so many identities, Dunstan struggles to understand his role as fifth business and to learn to untie himself from his burden of guilt. Conventional religion may confine Dunstan Ramsay’s spiritual growth, but it lays a firm foundation for him to mature. Myth finds a place in the heart of Dunstan and teaches him to grow. Magic is the escape of yore that Dunstan seeks and successfully rediscovers. Religion, myth, and magic are intertwined in Dunstan Ramsay’s life, crucial for the completion of Ramsay as a person through the wonder they inspire. Dunstan Ramsay’s family, especially Dunstan’s authoritative mother, is the epitome of Scottish Presbyterianism in Dunstan’s life. The Scots are the paragons of common sense and prudence – they are not allowed the "usual failings normally associated with the human condition,"1 and Dunstan is indeed acutely aware of any shortcomings he might have. Though Dunstan declares that "the Scottish practicality that [he has] imitated from [his] parents [is] not really in grain with [him]"2, the "chilly Presbyterian ethos"3 remain. When he dodges Percy Boyd Staunton’s snowball and it hits Mary Dempster – which causes the premature birth of Paul and the "madness" of Mary – ... ...enreich, The Postwar Novel. p. 63. Robertson Davies. Fifth Business. p. 262. John Moss, Sex and Violence in the Canadian Novel. p. 103 Robertson Davies. Fifth Business. p. 217. Ibid. p. 221. Ibid. p. 226. Ibid. p. 227. Primary source: Davies, Robertson. Fifth Business. Toronto: Penguin Group, 1970. Secondary sources: Heidenreich, Rosmarin. The Postwar Novel. Waterloo, Ontario: Wilfrid Laurier University Press, 1989. Little, Dave. Catching the Wind in a Net: the Religious Vision of Roberston Davies. Toronto, Ontario: ECW Press, 2996. Monk, Patricia. Mud and Magic: Robertson Davies’s Fifth Business. Don Mills, Ont.: ECW Press, 1992. Moss, John. Sex and Violence in the Canadian Novel. Toronto, Ontario: McClelland and Stewart, 1977. Quigley, Theresia, The Child Hero in the Canadian Novel. Toronto: NC Press Limited, 1991.

Developing Ethical Leadership

An ethical leadership means leading with the sense of valuing ethical values or considering the old fashioned ways, beliefs and other values that people considers as valuable. It is the leading with all the sense of altruism, kindness, integrity, loyalty, and trustworthiness which are possessed by a certain leader. In this characteristics and considerations to be considered, a question to the ethical means of leadership rises when we pertain to the historical holocaust. In the Holocaust Museum located at Washington DC, a person who goes on visit inside the building will be able to be enlightened about the real meaning of the holocaust. Every image that certain people could see inside would make them feel the pain and the sufferings which the Nazi victims felt during the holocaust period. An example of an image which could lead a person back to the holocaust is the picture where the Americans felt the cruelness of the Nazi soldiers in some of the Nazi’s concentration camps or bases where Nazi soldiers tend to make their prisoners suffer. While inspecting further, a certain image will take the tourists’ attention wherein the image is a picture of a thin and almost dying man handing an aluminum bowl. This image conveys the period when the Nazi soldiers had their prisoners dying because of malnutrition, thus, it also conveyed the same period when the Nazi soldiers force their prisoners to do hard labors. Inside the museum can be seen a large map which shows how far and wide the conquering of the German leadership did during the holocaust period on the year 1941 until 1942. There’s also a part of the museum where all the countries involved during the world war is painted, in this hallway the painted parts were the glass windows. As the strolling inside the museum continues, there were a lot more figures and pictures which showed the cruelty of the Nazi soldiers led by the considered most cruel man on earth, Hitler. There’s a room inside the museum called â€Å"the tower of faces† wherein all the sides of the room are filled with hundreds of pictures posted. Those people’s pictures which are posted in the walls of the room are those who are involved in the holocaust, some are those who became a Nazi victim and some are those who contributed along the side of the Nazis. There’s another large image in the museum where one could see a group of people with the yellow star patch on their dresses just like on the movie â€Å"Schindler’s list† which is used by the Nazis to easily determine if such a person belonged to the Jewish people. In general, there are 900 artifacts displayed in the museum, 70 video monitors which shows all the cruelty of the Nazis towards the Jewish people, and in the second floor of the museum, a tourist could realize and notice how the non-Jewish people risk their lives by trying to save some of the Jews. For the last destination of the tour, tourists are allowed to watch a film entitled the Testimony wherein those who survived the tragic holocaust narrated their real life story. The film would last for 60 minutes then after that tourists are then led to a hall where they could light their candle for the holocaust victims (Times, 2008). All the artifacts and the videos which are exhibited at the museum showed how the sense of true leadership was ignored and were not present at the period of the holocaust. The cruelness of the Nazi depicted how heartless Hitler is as a leader. The moral responsibilities of the Germans were being taken for granted; a part of their ethical culture considers a mean kind of political values. Because of the continuous reigning of power and territory to the wealth of the Germans, they’ve build up a confidence wherein they exceeded to the extent that they thought they could rule everywhere and that they are the most superior people who exist (Jones, 1999). According to the understanding of ethical leadership, leadership should involve a not coerced relationship between the leader and his people or the people who are under the coverage of his power. In Hitler’s situation, he has violated such an important consideration regarding with how he should have governed his people. The holocaust created a devastating nature of leader-people relationship; lots of Jewish people were forced to work under the supervision of the Nazis and they are also forced to comply with whatever law the leader would implement (Price, 2006). The Jewish people should have been heard with their cries but instead they were oppressed and suppressed by the political system during the holocaust. Since good leadership means both technically and morally benefiting, it is clear that though Hitler technically made a great contribution to Germany, he created an opposite effect to the morality of his being a leader (Price, 2006). An evidence of this statement can be seen at the museum wherein lots of Jewish people are a group exposed without any clothing and are humiliated in front of those non-Jewish aristocrats or politically involved people. A morally and technically good leader aims for the betterment of his country as well as for his people. In this way, the justification of the leadership would be justified under ethically valid leadership but the whole success of Hitler by aiming power and territory altered the evaluation of his leading by simply killing most of the Jews (Price, 2006). Hitler never considered saving even a single child soul but instead he commanded that all Jews must be seized and killed just like Anne Franks who wrote her own diary about the whole holocaust. In the entire world’s history, Hitler made the worst kind of violation of ethical leadership wherein morality is considered as a single pin of needle between million strands of hair. In taking the great responsibility of being a leader, morality is easily recognized, thus, it is the reason why there is a study of ethics in order to justify the true essence of leadership. Adolf Hitler, as a leader, allowed exploitation such as rape and humiliation of Jews during his leadership, he used his position and power to gain the authority over other people and instead of using it in order to command people to widen or do something to develop their territory more, he used his authority to do what he wanted and that is to rule his coverage with an undefeated power wherein all people fear and almost worship him (Ciulla, 2003). The essence of leadership changed through the period of time, though however one may look and analyze the way that Hitler led his people, no one would say that he is a great leader. The positive side of his being a leader such as being a great conqueror who contributed more territories in the history of Germany is overlapped by all the negativities of his other deeds such as killing, exploiting, oppressive and suppressive leadership, and most of being a leader who acted as he does not have a heart at all. Whenever one would walk into the Holocaust Museum which has all the memories of the tragic holocaust inside, a certain person will fell the outburst of pain and sadness empathizing the victims of the holocaust. A horrifying movie which could be directly compared to the event during the holocaust is the Schindler’s list where all Jewish people were cruelly shot without any good reason, raped without the ability to refuse, exploited and humiliated, and forced to work without being provided enough amount of food to gain energy from (Spielberg, 1993). This experience of going to the Holocaust Museum made me realize that a good leader does not much contribute to his/her most way when he/she does not consider the goodness of his/her will towards his/her land and people. Thus, no matter how a leader conquers and rules the whole world under his authority, the true sense of leadership will still be judged on his moral or generally ethical deeds onward his ruling and loyalty to his obligation as a good leader. This reveals the fact that no matter how small or few a leader’s contribution is to his land, he will still be considered a good leader as long as he works for the betterment and sake of his land and people. References Ciulla, J. B. (2003). Ethics and Leadership Effectiveness [Electronic Version]. Retrieved January 13 from http://www.sagepub.com/upm-data/5284_Chapter_13_Antonakis.pdf. Jones, D. H. (1999). Moral Responsibility in the Holocaust: A Study in the Ethics of Character: Rowman & Littlefield. Price, T. L. (2006). Understanding Ethical Failures in Leadership: Cambridge University Press. Spielberg, S. (Writer) (1993). Schindler's List. In Universal (Producer). USA Times, N. Y. (2008). United States Holocaust Memorial Museum [Electronic Version]. Retrieved January 12 from http://travel.nytimes.com/travel/guides/north-america/united-states/washington-dc/attraction-detail.html?vid=1154654609095. ; ; ; ;

My Nursing Philosophy

As I sit here pondering how I would communicate my values and beliefs, I think of my current job as a personal trainer, similar to nursing, on a daily basis I help individuals with their personal health both inside and out. In my job there is no room for my values or beliefs, just facts, education and being a good listener. I believe the day I become a nurse the only â€Å"values and beliefs† that I will need are those contained in the oath I take the day I become a nurse, and those legally expressed in my Nurse Practice Act. Injecting my beliefs into my practice as a nurse will most likely violate my oath and responsibilities to my patientsMy Nursing Philosophy By Christina Rivera Professional Issues NU 116 Maria Prior As I sit here pondering how I would communicate my values and beliefs, I think of my current job as a personal trainer, similar to nursing, on a daily basis I help individuals with their personal health both inside and out. In my job there is no room for my val ues or beliefs, just facts, education and being a good listener. I believe the day I become a nurse the only â€Å"values and beliefs† that I will need are those contained in the oath I take the day I become a nurse, and those legally expressed in my Nurse Practice Act.Injecting my beliefs into my practice as a nurse will most likely violate my oath and responsibilities to my patients. While I hold true to my values and beliefs when it comes to nursing, I strongly believe that putting peoples basic needs at the top the priority list when it comes to nursing is what separates good nurses from great nurses. I believe that a nurse should always act in a professional manner and act in accordance within the scope of practice. Nurses should possess qualities such as; Empathy and being able to identify with others; be caring, compassionate and committed. A urse should be ethical and non-judgmental, be honest, confident and trustworthy. Being physically fit is important, as the job i s very demanding. Last but not least a good nurse should also be an advocate for their patients and have their best interests at heart, be a good listener and communicator. My personal definitions of client, health, environment and nursing are: A client is a person with needs, whether it is medical, physical, psychological, or self-esteem. It is a nurse’s duty to make sure each person feels they have received the best health care and feel like a human being.According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the definition of health â€Å" is a state of complete physical, social and mental well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity†. To me health is all relative to the well being of the body. This not only includes the physical but the mental as well. Health is not only when you are sick, but also having your physical and mental health being is a good stable condition. My definition of environment does not just describe the physical area where a perso n lives; it also includes the individual emotions and thoughts.It will be my duty as a nurse to be positive with all services, and to include family and friends whom are close to the individual regarding their health. Nursing is someone who cares for people who are sick in every way and sometimes all a person needs is someone to talk to. A nurse does not only help individuals, they also help families achieve health and prevent disease. A scientific definition of nursing is â€Å"observes, assesses, and records symptoms, reactions and progress of patients†. My personal nursing philosophy is I believe it is beneficial to the patient to be treated as an uman being rather than just another patient. Allowing the patient to feel that the nurse really care about their feelings and overall health. People are at their most vulnerable state when in a hospital or nursing home, this is the time for the nurse to be reassuring and make the individual feel as comfortable as possible is one the most important aspects of nursing. References Definition of World Health Organization, Retrieved Feb 06, 2012 from http://apps. who. int/aboutwho/en/definition. html. Scientific definition of Nursing from Wiki pedia, Retrieved Feb 06, 2012 from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/nursing

When Antibiotics Quit Working Essays

When Antibiotics Quit Working Essays When Antibiotics Quit Working Essay When Antibiotics Quit Working Essay When Antibiotics Quit Working Name: Course: Date: When Antibiotics Quit Working Introduction Antibiotics are medicines that are especially made to fight off bacterial infections. They do this by killing the bacteria or by hindering its growth. Bacteria are found all over the human body apart from the blood and the spinal fluid. Most of the bacteria in the body are useful and beneficial. However, some bacteria are harmful and cause diseases and illnesses in the body. When one takes antibiotics, both the useful and harmful bacteria are targeted. In most cases, antibiotics are effective and they help ward off diseases. However, in some cases, the bacteria are able to resist antibiotics and they survive and continue multiplying. This happens when the bacterium undergoes some changes, which prevents the antibiotics from working effectively. The bacteria become stronger, and it is able to resist the antibiotic. This means that stronger antibiotics have to be developed so that they can kill the bacteria. People should look for other alternatives before using antibiotics. Some of th e diseases can be prevented by observing hygiene. This reduces the chance of sickness, and it avoids later use of antibiotics. Discussion Antibiotics work under selective pressure. They are able to kill off some bacteria, but other bacteria often survive. The stronger a bacteria is, the higher the chances that it will survive even after exposure to antibiotics. The resistance bacteria remain and they reproduce. Bacteria reproduce easily because they split by half. Antibiotics target the bacteria cell wall, which defines the shape of the bacteria and protects them from outside interference. The antibiotic kills the cell walls, exposing and busting the bacteria, killing it in the process. Both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria have peptidoglycan. However, the peptiglycan in the bacteria differs in thickness. It is thicker in the gram-positive cell walls. When the antibiotics are present, they destroy the peptidoglycan and they prevent the formation of the peptide cross-links. Gram-negative bacteria are more resistant to antibiotics because it has an outer membrane that makes it difficult for the antibiotics to dif fuse. The outside membrane in the gram-negative bacteria has pores that allow nutrients to pass through, but they block large antibiotic molecules. These bacteria are able to change the size of the pores by enabling them to become smaller, and this resists the efforts of the antibiotics, even though they have small molecules. The pores prevent the antibiotics from reaching the surface of the cytoplasmic membrane. The gram-positive bacteria have many layers of peptidoglycan, but they do not have a barrier that would prevent the small molecules from passing. This increases the effectiveness of the antibiotics because it makes it easier for the antibiotics to pass through the molecules (Salyers Whitt., 2005). Continued and unnecessary use of antibiotics can lead to antibiotic resistance. The more a person takes antibiotics, the more the bacteria become used to the antibiotics, and the more they become resistant. When that person becomes sick again, then he cannot use the same antibiotic because it will not be effective. Some people take antibiotics whenever they feel pain or discomfort, even when their sickness is not caused by bacteria. They take antibiotics for colds and flu, even though these are caused by viruses. When the antibiotics enter the body, they kill off other bacteria, which are beneficial to the body. Some of the harmful bacteria are left over, and this makes them stronger (CDC, 2012). Some bacteria are able to escape the effects of the antibiotics because they have the ability to do so. When such a bacteria survives it multiplies in the body. Since the new bacteria are developed from the bacteria that managed to escape, they contain the elements of the original bacteria, which were resistant. Therefore, the new bacteria become resistant to the antibiotics, which were used previously. A bacterium develops resistance to antibiotics by neutralizing them before they begin working. When this happens, the antibiotics are not able to work in the body. Some other bacteria undergo a mutation or change in their genetic material, from other bacteria that are resistant. This makes the mutated bacteria resistant to antibiotics (Devitt et al., 1998). If the antibiotic-resistant bacteria that causes most of the infections, it could mean an increase in disease and illnesses. Many people would suffer because they would not be able to get treatment for their diseases. The rates of bacterial infections would increase tremendously. It would cost much more to treat common conditions caused by bacteria, since antibiotics would not work. However, despite this, the world would not experience the same kind of problems it had before the invention of antibiotics. During this time, many people died because they did not know how to prevent infectious diseases. Nowadays people have learnt a lot about disease prevention. They have especially learnt how to prevent disease by using simple practical measures such as maintaining hygiene, sterilizing equipment, and using antiseptics and disinfectants. These measures have largely contributed to the decline of non-viral diseases. Conclusion People have developed an awareness of alternative treatments using herbs and food plants, and they have improved their diets. This has enabled them to maintain good health and avoid diseases. However, if many of the infections occurred because of antibiotic resistance, then researchers would have to find ways of developing cures and dealing with the problem. This is possible because when penicillin was discovered, people did not think that there would be an antibiotic solution to deal with the problem of recurring infectious diseases. Research holds the answers to antibiotic resistance bacteria. Science can develop a solution to deal with the problem, just as it did when it first discovered antibiotics. For instance, researchers have developed methods that use viruses to kill bacteria, instead of using antibiotics. They have also found ways through which they can use bacterial protein to kill bacteria (Salyers Whitt, 2005). References: CDC (2012). Mission critical: Preventing antibiotic resistance. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved from cdc.gov/features/antibioticresistance/ Devitt, T., Tenenbaum, D., Toburen, A., Trebach, S. (1998). Microbes: What doesn’t kill them makes them stronger. Retrieved from http://whyfiles.org/038badbugs/index.html Johnson, George. Essentials of the living world. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Salyers, A. A., Whitt, D. D. (2005). Revenge of the microbes: How bacterial resistance is undermining the antibiotic miracle. Washington, DC: ASM Press

Powers of Base Ten From Trillions to Trillionths

Powers of Base Ten From Trillions to Trillionths What do you call different powers of ten and what are their values? It can be confusing when you read about billions, and then suddenly shift to billionths. Lets take a look at the values and names of the powers of ten. What Does a Power Mean? Exponents and ScientificNotation Raising a number to a power means that you multiply it by itself. The number itself would be that number to the power of one. When you multiply it by itself, it is now that number to the power of two. The power is designated as an exponent with a small superscript number following the number itself. Ten is an easy number to visualize with powers, as you can think of the exponent number as being the number of zeros to put behind the one. Ten to the zero power is 10 divided by 10, or 1 with no zeroes behind it, which equals one. Ten to the second power is a 1 followed by two zeroes, or 100. When you divide a number by itself more than once, the power (or exponent) value is negative. A -1 power means you have divided a number by itself twice (10/10/10) and a -2 power means you have divided a number by itself three times (10/10/10/10). In the case of 10, since 10 to the zero power is one, it is easier to think of one being divided 10 in the increments shown in the exponent. Powers of Ten Trillions 1012 1,000,000,000,00010 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 1,000,000,000,000 Billions 109 1,000,000,00010 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 1,000,000,000 Millions 106 1,000,00010 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 1,000,000 Hundred Thousands 105 100,00010 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 100,000 Ten Thousands 104 10,00010 x 10 x 10 x 10 10,000 Thousands 103 1,00010 x 10 x 10 1,000 Hundreds 102 10010 x 10 100 Tens 101 10 Ones 100 1 Tenths 10-1 1/1 1 1/101/10 0.1 Hundredths 10-2 1/102 1/1001/10/10 0.01 Thousandths 10-3 1/103Â   1/10001 / 10 / 10 / 10 0.001 Ten Thousandths 10-4 1/104 1/10,0001 / 10 / 10 / 10 / 10 0.0001 Hundred Thousandths 10-5 1/105 1/100,0001 /10 /10 / 10 / 10 / 10 0.00001 Millionths 10-6 1/106 1/1,000,0001 / 10 / 10 / 10 / 10 / 10 / 10 0.000001 Billionths 10-9 1/109 1/1,000,000,0001 / 10 / 10 / 10 / 10 / 10 / 10 / 10 / 10 / 10 0.000000001 Trillionths 10-12 1/1012 1/1,000,000,000,0001 / 10 / 10 / 10 / 10 / 10 / 10 / 10 / 10 / 10 / 10 / 10 / 10 0.000000001 See more names of numbers that are powers of ten, including the octillion, googol, and googolplex. Lessons With Powers of Ten Powers of Ten Multiplication Worksheets: See worksheets you can use to practice multiplying two- and three-digit numbers by different powers of ten. These seven worksheet variations can be used to practice multiplication. Each sheet has 20 numbers and asks you to multiply them by 10, 100, 1000, 10,000 or 100,000. Edited by Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph.D.

Mgt 501 management theory and practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Mgt 501 management theory and practice - Essay Example The present study would analyze the business dynamics of Mc Donald’s with regards to the aspect of organizational culture and the constituting aspects of internal and external factors that affect organizational culture. The choice of the organization assumes significance considering the fact that the company is one of the best known brands and has operations across diverse geographical regions making the aspect of culture as an extremely vital aspect in determining the company’s business prospects. McDonalds was established in the year 1955 by the legendary personality Ray Croc in the United States of America. The company since then has grown a long way to emerge as one of the most popular restaurant chains having a dedicated presence in almost every region of the world (McDonalds, 2011). The company at its present date has a dedicated presence in about 119 different nations and employing a large number of individuals. The stocks of the company are listed on the bourses of the New York Stock Exchange. The company has been adding new products in its menu list consistently over the years and has also developed an impressive franchising strategy to spread its footprint across the globe. The company has also developed at attractive work culture that has helped in retaining and attracting a talented pool of human resources to meet the challenges of the highly turbulent and fluctuating business environment (McDonalds-a, 2011). Analysis of Organization Culture Organizational culture is an important facet of business organizations in the present business environment. Organizational culture is influenced by both internal as well as external factors. The importance of culture as highlighted by Lussier (2008) who stated that organizational culture is largely an implication of the personality and the work environment in an organization. The author also highlighted some of the internal factors such as organization mission, resources available with a company, s tructure and attitude of the management as the factors that largely influence the culture in an organization (Lussier, 2008, p.46-48). Keyton (2010) identified communication as another strategic factor that determines the aspect of organization culture in a particular company. The author also pinned out the importance of organizational culture towards generating positive and negative values in a company. The author highlighted that positive culture generates greater value while negative culture creates a negative set of values that ultimately helps in generating a favorable working condition. Internal communication has a key role to play in this regard as a smooth flow of information helps in generating positive sentiments in an organization that helps generate long term advantage for a company (Keyton, 2010, p.166). Figure 1: Elements influencing Organizational Culture (Source: Cameron & Quinn, 2011) The figure shown above reflects some of the factors that affect organization cultu re. These include assumptions, official norms and contractual obligations of the company, the artifacts and the behavioral patterns of the individuals in an organization. The figure clearly identifies that behaviors and other artifacts associated with an organization are largely observable and can be monitored and hence influenced by an organization through its policies. Therefore the role of evaluation and monitoring acts

Entamoeba histolytica Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Entamoeba histolytica - Essay Example This disease spreads rapidly in highly populated places that lack the basic facilities of sanitation and hygiene and is thus more common in the still developing or under developed countries. Classification of any organism depends on its external and internal characteristics and taxonomy is a branch that deals with this classification. Cellular organisms can be classified into two groups- the eukaryotes and prokaryotes. The eukaryotes again can be divided into four basic types or kingdoms. As Sleigh (1991) frames it â€Å"Animalia or multicellular animals (Parazoa, Mesozoa and Metazoa), Plantae or green land plants (Bryophyta and Tracheophyta), Fungi ..and Protista, comprising eukaryote groups formerly classed as algae, protozoa and flagellate fungi†( Sleigh, 1991). The sub kingdom protozoa are not much in use nowadays. Protozoan refers to heterotrophic, unicellular and microscopic protists that can perform functions similar to that of multicellular animals and E. histolytica falls under this protozoan sub kingdom. Like any other Protista its cellular membranes are made of lipoprotein. Its order is amoebida as like any other amoeba it possesses pseudopodia and a f ree flowing cytoplasm that can move into any form of cellular projections often carrying the contractile and food vacuole into the projections. This parasitic protozoan forms a part of the genus entamoeba. The species name of histolytica refers to its highly pathogenic nature, histo-lytic or that which causes destruction of cells and tissues. Thus its taxonomic classification can be outlined as: E.histolytica is a single celled anaerobic eukaryote. However under the electron microscope it is seen that it lacks many of the cellular organelles that are present in other eukaryotic organisms. They lack the golgi bodies, the rough endoplasmic reticulum, the mitochondria and the microtubules. It was

Description of what is Typical grief noting all manifestations Essay

Description of what is Typical grief noting all manifestations - Essay Example Grief is a process of healing oneself to become a part of life after losing someone close. Bereaved comes out of it after a specific time period but it manifests in his behaviors and reactions. This paper discusses some of these manifestations. â€Å"Depersonalization is a term used to describe the experience when oneself or one’s body feels somehow strange or unreal .Derealization is the term used to describe the experience when external reality seems strange or unreal† (Davies, 2004,p.42). Lindemann (1944, as cited in Worden, 2009) explained physical sensation of a bereaved as a reaction of the loss. A sense of depersonalization is one of them. For example, a bereaved told that he walked down the street and felt everything is unreal including himself. Such reactions are taken for granted but hold an important place in grieving process (p.23). Disbelief or denial is a common manifestation of grief. It happens when bereaved is shocked by sudden or unexpected news of death or loss. According to Worden (2009), people tend to deny the fact and show mistrust by saying, it can’t happen or informer is mistaken. A widow told him that after the death of her husband, she kept waiting for someone to wake her up and tell her that she was dreaming. Another explained, despite of her husband’s long sickness, she was not quite ready for his death (p.34). Idealization is very common behavior; people idealize their lost or separated partners. Bereaved forgets about the negative characteristics or faults of deceased. Only good and loveable things are remembered without any reservation (HBM, n.d). Demonization refers to blaming enemies or evil powers for the loss. According to Worden (2009) anger, if handled in ineffective way can lead to the situation in which bereaved direct the loss towards some other person and blame him for death. They believe that the person

The Open Source Database Of Mysql Information Technology Essay

The Open Source Database Of Mysql Information Technology Essay A database is a systematic collection of data. A database management system is needed to store, access, delete, or otherwise organize data in a database. MySQL is an open source database management system.. You can freely download, modify, and use open source software without having to pay any fees/royalty to the original author. In this chapter, you will learn about MySQL and its advantages over other relational database management systems (RDMS). In addition, you will learn about the advantages of MySQL as an open source database and of using PHP with MySQL. What is MySQL? Consider a library, which lends books to its members. Traditionally, the details of books, members, and lending are maintained manually using ledgers. as the number of books increases, managing and searching for books, members and lending details becomes difficult. To maintain and retrieve information fast, this information can be stored in an electronic database and a DBMS can be used to manage these electronic databases. A DBMS manages the database. A database is used to store the data in a structured format. A DBMS is responsible for managing the operations such as adding, accessing, and processing data. A DBMS plays a central role in computing; as a standalone utility or as a part of applications. MySQL is a relational database management system (RDBMS), which manages a relational database. A relational database stores information in several tables instead of storing it as a large table. This structure imparts flexibility to the database. MySQL uses the standardized Structured Query Language (SQL) to manage the database. MySQL is a popular Open Source database. It is developed and distributed by MySQL AB, a company founded by the MySQL developers. In 2008, Sun Microsystems acquired MySQL AB. In 2010, Oracle acquired Sun Microsystems and so MySQL is now owned by Oracle Corp. Main Features in MySQL MySQL was designed to achieve goals such as speed, robustness, and ease of use. The features of MySQL are as follows: Technical Features: Written in C and C++ Tested with different compilers Cross-platform compatibility, that is, works on multiple operating systems Supports multiple storage engines; both transactional and non-transactional APIs for accessing MySQL databases available in many languages, including C, C++, Eiffel, Java, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby, and Tcl Uses kernel threads to achieve complete multi-threading Can use multiple CPUs where available, boosting performance Dynamic memory cache and use of threads to allocate memory Uses a single-sweep multi-join method to allow fast resolution of joins Server can be used as a separate application or as an embedded library Column Types: Supports multiple column or data types including Numeric, Date and Time, and String Provides for mapping data types from other databases to MySQL data types Supports fixed- and variable-length strings Commands and Functions: Supports the use of all MySQL operators and functions in the SELECT statement and the WHERE clause Supports the use of tables from different databases in one statement Supports table and column aliases Displays information about databases, tables, and indexes using the SHOW command Displays query resolution information using the EXPLAIN command Provides full support for SQL GROUP BY and ORDER BY clauses and group functions as well as left and right outer joins Supports the use of function names as table or column name Security: Support for in-built data encryption and decryption Privileges can be assigned to users Password encryption Scalability and Limits: Handles large databases sizes Allows up to 64 indexes per table Allows up to 16 keys per table Connectivity: On any platform, clients may connect to the MySQL server using TCP/IP sockets On Windows NT, 2000, XP, 2003 and Vista, clients may connect to the MySQL server using named pipes or shared-memory connections On UNIX systems, clients may connect using UNIX domain socket files Localization: Displays error message in 20 languages including Czech, French, German, Japanese, Korean, Norwegian, Polish, and Russians Supports Unicode and various character sets Allows data to be stored, sorted and compared using the chosen character set Clients and tools: Provides built in support to check, optimize, and repair tables Provides mysql tool to execute individual SQL commands or SQL commands stored in a file Provides mysqlaccess tool to check host, user, and database privileges Provides mysqladmin tool to manage the database server Provides mysqldump tool to backup the contents of one ore more MySQL databases to a file Provides mysqlhotcopy tool to backup a single database or table on to the same computer Provides mysqlimport tool to import data into MySQL table from a file Provides mysqlshow tool to display information about the databases, tables, and columns Provides mysqld_safe tool that enables safe start up of the MySQL server Advantages of using MySQL over the other RDBMS There are many commercial DBMSessuch as Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server, and Sybase available in the market. These DBMSes are robust and reliable, and support most of the features a user wants. It is impossible for these databases to compete MySQL on price, as MySQL is available for free downloads. In addition, for commercial DBMSes, the initial setup is more expensive, resource intensive, and time consuming. Another factor that adds to the cost is the training required on commercial databases. For MySQL, there are many free training courses available on the Internet. Also, you can download MySQL for free and learn to use it. As the source is available, you can customize MySQL as required. The vast support networks available (as blogs, forums, and lists) enables you to access information and support easily as opposed to the paid support structures of commercial DBMSes. Typically, open source software tends to be updated more frequently than commercial software because many users contribute to its development. As a result, new features are available more often than for commercial databases. MySQL has different versions available that work on the various versions of Linux, UNIX, Microsoft Windows, and other operating systems. MySQL also offers various in-built and third-party GUI tools for faster and easier design, implementation, and administration. Following are the advantages that MySQL offers over other RDMS: Reliable: Different users have found MySQL even under very heavy loads and large database sizes. Ease of Use: MySQL has a modular and flexible architecture that makes it easy to manage and customize. Cross Platform Support: MySQL is available on more than twenty different operating systems including Linux, UNIX, and Microsoft Windows. Contrasting MySQL as an open source database with other RDBMS There are many open source and commercial databases available. Some of the popular open source databases include mSQL, PostgreSQL, and InstantDB. Similarly, Oracle, MS SQL Server, and Sybase are some popular commercial databases. The early editions of MySQL did not support all the SQL features. For example, transaction support and stored procedures were not available in the older versions of MySQL. The latest versions of MySQL, however, provide full SQL and transaction support. The commercial databases support almost all the features as MySQL, but the performance of MySQL is better. One drawback in MySQL is that it does not support advanced SQL3 features such as object oriented data types. PostgresSQL supports advanced SQL3 features and is a better choice as an open source DBMS with SQL3 features. However, PostgresSQL has a major disadvantage in its hidden limit of 8k of data per row. PostgreSQL is more powerful but MySQL is faster. MySQL does not need a vacuum procedure as PostgreSQL. PostgreSQL withstands higher loads. The latest versions of PostgreSQL and MySQL support features as sub-selects, stored procedures, triggers, unions, and views. However, older versions of MySQL did not support all these features. In addition, because these features are new to MySQL, there are some performance issues. However, MySQL provides with more user-friendly command interface so it is it popular among web developers. The databases such as mSQL cannot compete with MySQL on many fronts. For example, MySQL has a richer feature set of SQL than mSQL. MySQL also supports more data types and functions as compared to mSQL. InstantDB competes well with MySQL when we consider the different features. The only feature of MySQL that InstantDB is unable to compete is performance. MySQL is faster as compared to InstantDB. Advantages of PHP in MySQL environment PHP is a simple tool designed for web development. It is easy to learn and allows a developer to implement various web-programming tasks, including database-related routines. It offers good flexibility and performance. PHP is a scripting language that is executed at run-time. It enables a user to interact with databases. PHP and MySQL are used together to store data on the Web. PHP is compatible with MySQL, which is one of the most popular database engines. MySQL is free and provides with high performance. Using databases allows a store of information that is accessed by users. In addition to this, a user is able to store his information in the database. Following diagram will help us to understand the interaction between the client-server-database. Figure 1.1 Interaction between Client, Server, and the Database In the above figure, a server is connected to several clients and a database connected with the server. These components have two-way interactions between them. When a client requests for a HTML file, the browser sends a request to the server. The server will find the requested file and sends the HTML file to the browser. The working of the system above is simple. However, such a system has limitations. If several users require the same file then the file is sent to all the clients who requested it as a static page and HMTL is not able to interact with the server. The main advantage of using PHP is that a Web page is able to access a database. Alternatively a client will request for a PHP file. The PHP preprocessor will then convert the file to HTML, which is sent to the user. Examples where databases are used on a website are listed below: Sites that work on database: We are quite familiar with the online reservation system in which the user is able to book a seat using the Internet. The backend database of this system gets updated depending on the action of the user. Different parts of the database can be accessed by changing the URL, which is the uniform resource locator. Message Boards: Several message boards on the Internet are run using MySQL and PHP. Such systems are more efficient than those using other utilities. Other systems create a page for each message and provide various options. While updating such system would need to change all the pages. A system using MySQL and PHP would just require changing one page. Updating Websites: Consider that a large website is to be updated. A user is able to modify the whole website using few PHP scripts. The information related to these pages is stored in MySQl database. The PHP scripts would access a MySQL database to access the information about the pages. For updating the website, the user would need to just change one page. Banner Rotation: We have several banners on a site. A PHP script is called for each banner. A database of banners is opened and a random banner is displayed. In order to insert, modify or delete a banner we just have to change the database. The PHP script would pick the correct banners for the pages on the site. To run a PHP script a user will need the following: Web server PHP needs to be installed MySQL needs to be installed PHP is compatible with almost all the operating systems. PHP and MySQL both are open source. It is convenient to obtain these for free downloads from the Internet. This feature makes it cost effective as compared with others. If we compare PHP and MySQL against ASP, the code for searching a database in ASP has a line at the top which states the number of matches. In order to get this number one needs to cycle through the records once to count them, as the RecordCount property keeps returning -1. The equivalent MySQL function mysql_num_rows worked first time as advertised, shortening the code, and the time taken to run the server-side page. MySQL provides with command-line function, which allows access to the database so that user is able to view the query results which the PHP page acquires. PHP scripts can also be used to control all the database administrative options but it is better to install a PHPMyAdmin on the server. PHPMyAdmin is an administrative interface for MySQL databases. It consists of set of free scripts to provide administrative interface. Licensing issues related to open source softwares There are many types of software licenses available. An open-source software license permits users to read, access, change, and reuse the source code of a software product. Open-source software does not necessarily mean free software. Open source commonly refers to software that is made available to everyone at no cost under a license agreement having a few restrictions. The distribution of open-source software must fulfill with the following criteria: Free Distribution The license allows you to sell the software or distribute it for free as a part of your software distribution. You are not required to pay any fee or rayalty against such a distribution. Source Code The source code of the product is made available along the product. If the source code is not distributed with the software, then it must be made available free or at a reasonable cost. In addition, the source code must be in a form that a user is able to modify it. Derived Works The license must allow modifications to the software. Also after the modification, it must allow the redistribution under the same terms as the license of the original software. No Discrimination against Persons or Groups The license must be applied same for everybody No Discrimination against Fields of Endeavor It means that the license should not restrict the software in a specific field of endeavor. Distribution of License The rights attached to the program must apply to all to whom the program is redistributed without the need for execution of an additional license by those parties. License must not be Specific to a product -The rights attached to the program must not depend on the programs being part of a particular software distribution. If the program is extracted from that distribution and used or distributed within the terms of the programs license, all parties to whom the program is redistributed should have the same rights as those that are granted in conjunction with the original software distribution. License must not contaminate Other Software The license must not place restrictions on other software that is distributed along with the licensed software Integrity of the Authors Source Code The license may restrict source-code from being distributed in modified form only if the license allows the distribution of patch files with the source code for the purpose of modifying the program at build time. The license must explicitly permit distribution of software built from modified source code. The license may require derived works to carry a different name or version number from the original software. Open Source Software Benefits The open source software are freely available on the Internet for free downloads. Open-source software has become popular due to several reasons. Following are the benefits of Open-Source Software: Access to Source Code- Enables user to understand the software at a deep level. It also enables to debug the software. Large Community- Creates an opportunity for widespread and rapid teamwork on development projects. Low Cost- Available for free downloads from on the Internet. Broad Rights- Enables to grant licenses to use, modify and redistribute the open source software, which is a major advantage. The commercial software products are distributed only in binary form and may not be modified. Licensing of MySQL MySQL software is released under the General Public License (GPL). It may often be used for free, but users may require buying commercial licenses from MySQL AB for certain purpose. Licensing options are as follows: Commercial License- Suppose an organization wants software to be accessed by the customers or the members in the organization. In this case the commercial license is needed. This is useful when an organization wants the source code to be secret. Such organizations do not want to act in accordance with the General Public License. The commercial license is an agreement with MySQL AB for organizations that do not want to release their application source code. Commercial licensed users get a commercially supported product from with assurances from MySQL. Commercially licensed users are also free from the requirement of making their own application open source. Open Source License- Enables users to offer the features added to everyone. Anyone is able to use, modify or distribute the software. The open license is free of cost. The condition is that the user must make the complete source code available. Summary MySQL is the most popular Open Source SQL database. It is developed and distributed by MySQL AB, which is a company, founded by the MySQL developers. The MySQL is a database management system which manages the database. A database is used to store the data in a structured format. A database management system is responsible to manage the operations such as adding, accessing, and processing data. MySQL is a relational database management system, which stores information in several files instead of storing it as a large table. This structure imparts flexibility to the database. MySQL is Open Source software that enables any one to use and modify the source code. We have many commercial databases available in the market such as Oracle, Microsoft, and Sybase. These commercial databases support most of the features a user wants. These databases fail to compete with MySQL for read-heavy-database applications. A user is able to modify the source code due to which new features become easily available as compared to the traditional databases. An open-source database is cheap. It is free if you choose the open source license. MySQL works on different operating systems such as Linux, UNIX, and Windows. PHP is a scripting language. It enables a user to interact with the databases. PHP and MySQL are used together to store data on the Web. In order to run a PHP we need a Web sever. Also PHP and MySQL need to be installed. An open-source software license permits users to read, access, change, and reuse the source code of a software product. Check Your Progress The mysqlshow tool that displays information about the__________. MySQL server and the information about the databases and tables on the server MySQL client and the information about the databases and tables of the client All the databases of the client and the server _____________is an administrative interface for MySQL databases. mysqladmin PHPMyAdmin admin MySQL software is released under the_________. Commercial source License Open source License General Public License MySQL allows up to _______ indexes per table. 16 32 8 ______________ tool manages users of MySQL. mysqladmin mysqlaccess mysql mysqlshow This page has been intentionally left blank